A kratom pill   is the ingested form of a plant called Mitragyna speciosa, which has been used for centuries as a stimulant and opioid replacement. It contains two main chemicals, mitragynine and 7-hydroxymitragynine, that bind to opioid receptors in the brain. At higher doses, kratom can have opioid-like effects such as pain relief and sedation, while lower doses can have stimulant effects such as alertness, physical energy and talkativeness.

Kratom is available in a variety of forms, including a tincture, capsules, powder or tea leaves. Users often chew on the leaves for a stimulating experience or brew the tincture to help with anxiety. The plant can also be smoked or put in a smoothie to give it an energy boost. It’s important to know that kratom has not been scientifically studied, so medical professionals don’t have a lot of information about its side effects and addiction risk.

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There is also concern that unregulated kratom supplements are often contaminated with heavy metals and harmful bacteria. NIDA notes that in some cases, people who have combined kratom and other drugs have experienced life-threatening side effects such as seizures and liver damage.

It is important for primary care providers to educate patients about kratom and its potential dangers before recommending it, according to Cumpston. She recommends asking a loved one why they are seeking it and to try the lowest dose possible. She also advises patients to avoid mixing it with other substances and always carry fentanyl test strips and naloxone in case of overdose.

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